+Beliefs in a Just World

Lucas, Zhdanove, & Alexander (2011)

Topic: Fairness, Equity, & Political Beliefs

Response Options:  

1. Strongly disagree
2. Disagree
3. Somewhat disagree
4. Neither agree or disagree
5. Somewhat agree
6. Agree
7. Strongly Agree

Items:

BJW - Others

Instructions: The following questions pertain to fairness. In the first set of questions, we are interested in your perceptions of fairness with respect to OTHERS. Please mark your level of agreement using the 7-point scale shown below. 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 7 (Strongly Agree).

1. I feel that people generally earn the rewards and punishments that they get in this world.
2. People usually receive the outcomes that they deserve.
3. People generally deserve the things that they are accorded.
4. I feel that people usually receive the outcomes that they are due.
5. People usually use fair procedures in dealing with others.
6. I feel that people generally use methods that are fair in their evaluations of others.
7. Regardless of the specific outcomes they receive, people are subjected to fair procedures.
8. People are generally subjected to processes that are fair.

BJW - Self

Instructions:  In the next set of questions, we are interested in your perceptions of fairness with respect to YOURSELF. Please mark your level of agreement using the 7-point scale shown below. 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 7 (Strongly Agree).

1. I feel that I generally earn the rewards and punishments that I get in this world.
2. I usually receive the outcomes that I deserve.
3. I generally deserve the things that I am accorded.
4. I feel that I usually receive the outcomes that I am due.
5. People usually use fair procedures in dealing with me.
6. I feel that people generally use methods that are fair in their evaluations of me.
7. Regardless of the specific outcomes I receive, I am subjected to fair procedures.
8. I am generally subjected to processes that are fair.

Scoring: Four lower-order subscales may be calculated. Distributive Justice for Others (DJ-Others) is the sum or average of the first four items from the justice for others scale, while Procedural Justice for Others (PJ-Others) is the sum or average of the last four items from the self-justice scale. Distributive Justice for Self (DJ-Self) is the sum or average of the first four items from the self-justice scale, while Procedural Justice for Self (PJ-Self) is the sum or average of the last four items from the self-justice scale. Depending on research interests, higher-order Self-Other Justice and Procedural-Distributive justice subscales also may be calculated by summing or averaging the appropriate eight lower order subscale items (e.g., Distributive Justice = sum or average of DJ-self and PJ-self items).

Citation:

Link to PDF:

https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/full/10.1027/1614-0001/a000032 Links to an external site.

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