+The Racial and Ethnic Microaggressions Scale (REMS)
Sanchez, Adams, Arango, & Flannigan (2018)
Topic: Culture, Race and School Climate - Microaggression Scale
Description of Measure:
The Racial and Ethnic Microaggressions Scale, or the REMS, is a 45-item self-report measure that assesses the frequency of racial/ethnic microaggressions over the past 6 months.The REMS includes six subscales that examine different types of microaggressions, including Assumptions of Inferiority, Second-Class Citizen and Assumptions of Criminality, Microinvalidations, Exoticization and Assumptions of Similarity, Environmental Microaggressions, and Workplace and School Microaggressions. Respondents can obtain a score on each of the six microaggressions subscales as well as a total score, which are determined by calculating the mean of each subscales item ratings. Higher scores indicate a greater frequency of racialethnic microaggressions.
Instructions:
For each of the following items, please rate each item from 0 (I did not experience this event) to 5 (I experienced this event 5 or more times).
Response Options:
(0) I did not experience this event, (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) I experienced this event 5 or more times.
Items:
- Assumptions of Inferiority (e.g., “Someone assumed that I would not be educated because of my race.”);
- Second-Class Citizen and Assumptions of Criminality (e.g., “Someone avoided walking near me because of my race.”);
- Microinvalidations (e.g., “Someone told me that people should not think race anymore”);
- Exoticization and Assumptions of Similarity (e.g., “Someone asked me to teach them things in my “native language”);
- Environmental Microaggressions (e.g., “I observed people of my race portrayed positively in movies”);
- Workplace and School Microaggressions (e.g., “An employer or co-worker was unfriendly or unwelcoming toward me because of my race”)
Citation:
Sanchez, D., Adams, W., Arango, S., & Flannigan, A. E. (2018). Racial-ethnic microaggressions, coping strategies, and mental health in Asian American and Latinx American college students: A mediation model. Journal of counseling psychology, 65(2), 214-225. https://doi.org/10.1037/cou0000249 Links to an external site.